The Comparison between English Words and Chinese Ones in Translation论文
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最后更新时间:2024-03-01
【Abstract】This paper compares English words and Chinese words in translation. It shows the phenomenon of non-equivalence occurs in English and Chinese and discusses the translating means.
【Key words】Comparison；Non-equivalence；Literal translation；Synonym translation；Free translation
0 Introduction
Translation is， in fact， a converting process. Theoretically， a translation should give its readers the same conception as that a native reader gets from the original. Word is the allest unit of language that can be used by itself. （Bolinger and Sears， 1968：43） Chinese and English are two different languages which he different words， consist of lexical， word formation. So， many translators and theorists he been searching for the equivalence in order to reach the nearest equivalence between these two languages， to get better versions. We should be sure that equivalence does exist in translation， which makes the translation possible.
According to Balfudalov （Chai Yi， etc.Tr.49）， there are three kinds of equivalence which are mainly about semantic meaning： full equivalence， partial equivalence， zero equivalence. This paper will discuss zero equivalence and the way of its translating.
Zero equivalence （non-equivalent） means that some words in one language he no equivalence in another language. Non-equivalence at word level means that the target language has no direct equivalent for a word which occurs in the source text. （Mona Baker， 20） There is no one-to-one correspondence between orthographic words and elements of meaning within or across languages. （Mona Baker， 11） As far as I am concerned， the exact same effect of equivalence cannot be reached. There should be at least some loss of meaning， especially in the aspects of cultural， social background knowledge.
1 The cause of non-equivalence
1.1 Culture-specific concepts
The source-language word may express a concept which is totally unknown in the target culture. The concept in question may be abstract or concrete； it may relate to a religious belief， a social custom， or even a type of food. Such concepts are often referred as ‘culture-specific’. An example of an abstract English concept which is notoriously difficult to translate into other language is that expressed by the word ‘privacy’. This is a very ‘English’ concept which is rarely understood by people from other cultures. ‘Speaker’ （of the House of Commons） has no equivalent in many languages， such as Chinese. （Mona Baker， 21）
【Key words】Comparison；Non-equivalence；Literal translation；Synonym translation；Free translation
0 Introduction
Translation is， in fact， a converting process. Theoretically， a translation should give its readers the same conception as that a native reader gets from the original. Word is the allest unit of language that can be used by itself. （Bolinger and Sears， 1968：43） Chinese and English are two different languages which he different words， consist of lexical， word formation. So， many translators and theorists he been searching for the equivalence in order to reach the nearest equivalence between these two languages， to get better versions. We should be sure that equivalence does exist in translation， which makes the translation possible.
According to Balfudalov （Chai Yi， etc.Tr.49）， there are three kinds of equivalence which are mainly about semantic meaning： full equivalence， partial equivalence， zero equivalence. This paper will discuss zero equivalence and the way of its translating.
Zero equivalence （non-equivalent） means that some words in one language he no equivalence in another language. Non-equivalence at word level means that the target language has no direct equivalent for a word which occurs in the source text. （Mona Baker， 20） There is no one-to-one correspondence between orthographic words and elements of meaning within or across languages. （Mona Baker， 11） As far as I am concerned， the exact same effect of equivalence cannot be reached. There should be at least some loss of meaning， especially in the aspects of cultural， social background knowledge.
1 The cause of non-equivalence
1.1 Culture-specific concepts
The source-language word may express a concept which is totally unknown in the target culture. The concept in question may be abstract or concrete； it may relate to a religious belief， a social custom， or even a type of food. Such concepts are often referred as ‘culture-specific’. An example of an abstract English concept which is notoriously difficult to translate into other language is that expressed by the word ‘privacy’. This is a very ‘English’ concept which is rarely understood by people from other cultures. ‘Speaker’ （of the House of Commons） has no equivalent in many languages， such as Chinese. （Mona Baker， 21）