苏珊·巴斯内特的翻译理论与中国古诗的翻译论文
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摘 要:诗是一种独特的语言,具体独特的形式和内涵。苏珊巴斯内特的文化翻译理论对诗歌翻译有着一定的指导。本文简要介绍了苏珊巴斯内特的翻译理论及其理论来源,之后分析了这一理论在中国古诗翻译中的应用。
关键词:诗歌翻译;苏珊巴斯内特文化翻译理论;中国古诗翻译
1006-026X(2013)09-0000-01
3.苏珊巴斯内特的翻译理论在中国古诗翻译中的应用
苏珊巴斯内特把“文化单位”作为翻译的基本单位,这对中国古诗翻译是很适用的。举例说明:
永遇乐
京口北固亭怀古
辛弃疾
千古江山,
英雄无觅,
孙仲谋处。
舞榭歌台,
风流总被
雨打风吹去。
斜阳草树,
寻常巷陌,
人道寄奴曾住。
想当年,
金戈铁马,
气吞万里如虎。
元嘉草草,
封狼居胥,
赢得仓皇北顾。
四十三年,
望中犹记,
烽火扬州路。
可堪回首,
拂狸祠下,
一片神鸦社鼓。
凭谁问,
廉颇老矣,
尚能饭否?
Tune:“JOY OF ERNAL UNION”
THINKING OF ANCIENT HEROES IN THE TOWER
ON THE NORTHERN HILL AT JINGKOU
By xin Qiji
The land is boundless as of yore,
But nowhere can be found
A herolike the king defending Southern shore.
The singing hall the dancing ground.
All gallant deeds now sent away
By driving wind and blinding rain!,
The slanting sun sheds its depafting ray
0’er tree—shaded and grassy lane
Where lived the Cowherd King retaking the lost land.
In bygone years,
Leading armed caliers,
With golden spear in hand,
Tigerlike,he had slain
The foe on the thousand-mile CentraI Plain,
His son launched in haste a northern campaign;
Defeated at Mount WoIf,he shed his tears in vain.
I still remember three and forty years ago
The thriving town destroyed in flames by the foe.
How can I bear
To see the chief aggressors shrine
Worshipped‘mid cnNw and drumbeats as divine?
Who would still care
If an old general
Is strong enough to take back the lost capital?
(Tr.By Xu Yuanchong)
关键词:诗歌翻译;苏珊巴斯内特文化翻译理论;中国古诗翻译
1006-026X(2013)09-0000-01
1.引言
本文要借助西方文化翻译理论学派代表人物苏珊·巴斯内特的理论成果对中国古诗歌翻译的要素、规则和策略各层面展开以文化为主要视角的透析,以中国期在古诗英译的理论研究和实践探索之路上摸索出更适合这一中国传统文化形式的策略,为的翻译实践,特别是本文所涉古诗英译之实践探究一条行之有效,合身实用的文化翻译准则。2.苏珊·巴斯内特的种子移植理论
巴斯内特(2004)认为,翻译绝不是纯粹的语言行为,而是植根于有关文化深处的一种行为;翻译就是文化内部的和文化之间的交流;翻译对等就是源语与目标语在文化功能上的对等。巴斯内特还注重译诗对目的语的影响,推崇本雅明的“译作是原作的再生”。同时,巴斯内特认为:“要翻译好诗歌,要智读诗歌原文——即用一种细致的解读过程,充分考虑文本以内及文本以外的各种特征。她认为诗歌翻译的任务就是“拆散”原诗的语言材料,然后在目的语中将这些语言符号和编码“重组”。她借用了雪莱的关于诗歌不可译的比喻从另一方面进行阐释:“虽然诗歌不可从一种语言输入到另一种语言,但是却可以移植。种子可以放在新的土壤里,让一种新的植物长出来。译者的任务就是去决定在什么地方放入那颗种子并着手移植。”因此她认为译诗不是复制原文,而是在把握好诗歌内涵的基础上,创造相似的文本,是“种子移植” 。她还认为“一首诗歌,其内容和形式是密不可分的,是同等的”;“任何一位译者如试图去争论哪一样更不应该的。”3.苏珊巴斯内特的翻译理论在中国古诗翻译中的应用
苏珊巴斯内特把“文化单位”作为翻译的基本单位,这对中国古诗翻译是很适用的。举例说明:
永遇乐
京口北固亭怀古
辛弃疾
千古江山,
英雄无觅,
孙仲谋处。
舞榭歌台,
风流总被
雨打风吹去。
斜阳草树,
寻常巷陌,
人道寄奴曾住。
想当年,
金戈铁马,
气吞万里如虎。
元嘉草草,
封狼居胥,
赢得仓皇北顾。
四十三年,
望中犹记,
烽火扬州路。
可堪回首,
拂狸祠下,
一片神鸦社鼓。
凭谁问,
廉颇老矣,
尚能饭否?
Tune:“JOY OF ERNAL UNION”
THINKING OF ANCIENT HEROES IN THE TOWER
ON THE NORTHERN HILL AT JINGKOU
By xin Qiji
The land is boundless as of yore,
But nowhere can be found
A herolike the king defending Southern shore.
The singing hall the dancing ground.
All gallant deeds now sent away
By driving wind and blinding rain!,
The slanting sun sheds its depafting ray
0’er tree—shaded and grassy lane
Where lived the Cowherd King retaking the lost land.
In bygone years,
Leading armed caliers,
With golden spear in hand,
Tigerlike,he had slain
The foe on the thousand-mile CentraI Plain,
His son launched in haste a northern campaign;
Defeated at Mount WoIf,he shed his tears in vain.
I still remember three and forty years ago
The thriving town destroyed in flames by the foe.
How can I bear
To see the chief aggressors shrine
Worshipped‘mid cnNw and drumbeats as divine?
Who would still care
If an old general
Is strong enough to take back the lost capital?
(Tr.By Xu Yuanchong)