如何让英语书面表达更具文采论文
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摘要:本文从语意要合情合理,过渡自然;语句要有简有繁,用词讲究,随“意”而安;语法结构正确,无懈可击;语言要地道流畅,书写规范等方面,探究“写好”作文的一些基本规律和基本元素,即写出有文采的作文。
关键词:书面表达;词汇;句型;文采
1992-7711(2013)13-041-1英语书面表达虽然篇幅短小,又容易流于简单机械的翻译,但方寸之地乾坤大。在此,本文从以下几方面,探究“写好”作文的一些基本规律和基本元素,即写出有文采的作文。
soon, immediately, suddenly, in front of, next to, on one hand, on the other hand, but, however, yet, though, otherwise, instead, on the contrary, in other words, that is to say, in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally, thanks to, as a result (of), so long as, on condition that, even if / though, besides, to make the matter worse, Im afraid, you know, In my opinion, As far as I am concerned, on the whole, in short, all in all, in general, in a word, in conclusion, Whats more, Whats worse, As we all know...
As can be seen from the brief dialogue, the earth suffers a lot from mans behiour at present. There are many problems. For instance, we human beings are destroying too many trees, which leads to air pollution. Besides, polluted water is sent into rivers directly without being dealt with. Further more, few people are aware of such problems while most of us take them for granted.
从上面例句中不难看出,运用长短句交错使用的写法大大加强了文章的感染力。
2.用词讲究。优秀作文,包括历年高考的许多考场满分作文,都得益于能将高级词汇应用得贴切自然,毫不造作。无论是哪一种句型,运用高级词汇,哪怕只选用一个,都会令作文“鹤立鸡群”。俗话说,见微知著,一叶知秋。词汇的选择,处处体现作者的词汇能力和整体的英语水平。比如:
You can find my house easily.改写成You will he no trouble finding my house.
Suddenly I thought out a good idea.改写成 A good idea occurred to me.或A good idea struck me.
以上两个句子的第二种写法,会起到独树一帜的效果,为文章增添了文采。
3.避开使用词汇。有时一篇作文里多次使用相同意思的词,这时,表达方式的变换就显得非常。如果表达方式过于单一,不免有黔驴技穷之嫌,而丰富的表达方式则可反映出英语应用能力之高和课外阅读量之多。可使用下列策略避开使用词汇:1.使用近似的表达方式。如:指控某人可以用accuse sb. of sth.,也可以用charge sb. with sth.2.使用同义词。英语词汇中同义词极为丰富,恰当使用同义词可以弥补词汇量不足的缺陷。如:考虑可以用 consider, take account of, think about。
三、结构造句与众不同,语法结构正确,无懈可击
1.应用从句。应用从句来代替简单句或并列句。如:In holidays, we take a parttime job and it is a good way to learn about society.这个句子可使用带从句的复合句来替换。In holidays, we take a parttime job which is a good way to learn about society.又如:To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.可改写成名词性从句What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.
2.应用被动语态。主动语态比被动语态更能显示出英语水平。如:当想表达“应该充分利用时间学好英语。”这一句子时,若使用主动语态,则显得句子很平淡。若使用被动语态,则有让读者有耳目一新的感觉。Time should be made full use of to learn English well.
3.应用倒装句、强调句、分词独立主格结构等复杂结构。运用多种语法结构,句式灵活多变,可以使文章增色不少。近年的高考书面表达要求“使用较多语法和词汇知识,书写比较复杂的句子”。运用倒装句、强调句、分词独立主格结构等复杂结构可以使文章句式多样化,增强文章的感染力。
关键词:书面表达;词汇;句型;文采
1992-7711(2013)13-041-1英语书面表达虽然篇幅短小,又容易流于简单机械的翻译,但方寸之地乾坤大。在此,本文从以下几方面,探究“写好”作文的一些基本规律和基本元素,即写出有文采的作文。
一、语意要合情合理,过渡自然
一篇好的书面表达,应该行文连贯流畅,具有“逻辑美”。使用恰当连接词,能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑,使文章更为地道,更具“英语味”。记得使用恰当的连接词,如:soon, immediately, suddenly, in front of, next to, on one hand, on the other hand, but, however, yet, though, otherwise, instead, on the contrary, in other words, that is to say, in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally, thanks to, as a result (of), so long as, on condition that, even if / though, besides, to make the matter worse, Im afraid, you know, In my opinion, As far as I am concerned, on the whole, in short, all in all, in general, in a word, in conclusion, Whats more, Whats worse, As we all know...
二、语句要有简有繁,用词讲究,随“意”而安
1.语句要有简有繁。众所周知,任何语言的写作以写好句子为基础的。句子是表达一个完整思想的基本语言单位。结构不同的句子各有其特点,各有其功能。并列句和复合句结构复杂,容量大,能表达比较复杂的内容,叙事具体,说理清楚,句子形体较长。简单句结构简单,句子简练,词数较少,形体相对较短。写得好的文章大多注意句式的转换,复合句、简单句二者并用,优势互补。如:As can be seen from the brief dialogue, the earth suffers a lot from mans behiour at present. There are many problems. For instance, we human beings are destroying too many trees, which leads to air pollution. Besides, polluted water is sent into rivers directly without being dealt with. Further more, few people are aware of such problems while most of us take them for granted.
从上面例句中不难看出,运用长短句交错使用的写法大大加强了文章的感染力。
2.用词讲究。优秀作文,包括历年高考的许多考场满分作文,都得益于能将高级词汇应用得贴切自然,毫不造作。无论是哪一种句型,运用高级词汇,哪怕只选用一个,都会令作文“鹤立鸡群”。俗话说,见微知著,一叶知秋。词汇的选择,处处体现作者的词汇能力和整体的英语水平。比如:
You can find my house easily.改写成You will he no trouble finding my house.
Suddenly I thought out a good idea.改写成 A good idea occurred to me.或A good idea struck me.
以上两个句子的第二种写法,会起到独树一帜的效果,为文章增添了文采。
3.避开使用词汇。有时一篇作文里多次使用相同意思的词,这时,表达方式的变换就显得非常。如果表达方式过于单一,不免有黔驴技穷之嫌,而丰富的表达方式则可反映出英语应用能力之高和课外阅读量之多。可使用下列策略避开使用词汇:1.使用近似的表达方式。如:指控某人可以用accuse sb. of sth.,也可以用charge sb. with sth.2.使用同义词。英语词汇中同义词极为丰富,恰当使用同义词可以弥补词汇量不足的缺陷。如:考虑可以用 consider, take account of, think about。
三、结构造句与众不同,语法结构正确,无懈可击
1.应用从句。应用从句来代替简单句或并列句。如:In holidays, we take a parttime job and it is a good way to learn about society.这个句子可使用带从句的复合句来替换。In holidays, we take a parttime job which is a good way to learn about society.又如:To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.可改写成名词性从句What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.
2.应用被动语态。主动语态比被动语态更能显示出英语水平。如:当想表达“应该充分利用时间学好英语。”这一句子时,若使用主动语态,则显得句子很平淡。若使用被动语态,则有让读者有耳目一新的感觉。Time should be made full use of to learn English well.
3.应用倒装句、强调句、分词独立主格结构等复杂结构。运用多种语法结构,句式灵活多变,可以使文章增色不少。近年的高考书面表达要求“使用较多语法和词汇知识,书写比较复杂的句子”。运用倒装句、强调句、分词独立主格结构等复杂结构可以使文章句式多样化,增强文章的感染力。